Parasomnias are a group of sleep disorders that are characterized by unusual behaviors or experiences that occur during sleep, the transition from sleep to wakefulness, or shortly after waking up. These behaviors may include sleepwalking, night terrors, somniloquy (talking in sleep), leg movements during sleep, and many others.

These disorders are usually the result of activation of the central nervous system during sleep. They can occur at any age, but are more common in children and tend to decrease with age. Although they can sometimes be related to other medical conditions or stressors, in many cases the exact cause of parasomnias remains unknown.

Parasomnias can disrupt sleep and lead to excessive daytime fatigue and other health problems if left untreated. Treatment may include stress management techniques, good sleep hygiene, and sometimes medication. In some cases, a consultation with a sleep health professional may be necessary.

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